第 2 節 · 2 / 20

如果我只有一個人

If I was alone I could live so easy

第 2 節(原書第 1 章) | 威德的真相、第二隻死老鼠、沒有番茄醬的豆子——還有喬治那段「要是沒有你」的爆發。

🏛️ 典故與文化背景

一個月五十塊

1930 年代加州農場工人的月薪大約五十美元,包吃住。工人典型的生活是做滿一個月、拿到錢進城花光(酒、妓院、撞球、賭博),再回到路上找下一份工作——這就是喬治嘴上羨慕的「自由」,也是他和雷尼想用「那塊地」逃離的循環。

灌溉溝(irrigation ditch)

加州中央谷地的農業完全靠灌溉渠道,溝渠縱橫,是逃跑時唯一的藏身處。

紅洋裝事件

原文這裡只說 dress,第三章喬治跟斯林姆說明時才講清楚是「紅洋裝」,女孩指控雷尼強暴(其實沒有)。這是結局的完整預演:柔軟的東西、抓住不放、女人尖叫、男人追捕。

老鼠與兔子

老鼠太小、一摸就死;兔子比較大,雷尼覺得「不會那麼容易壞」。從老鼠 → 小狗 → 女人,雷尼摸的東西越來越大,代價也越來越大。

克拉拉姑媽

雷尼的親人,已經過世。喬治答應過她要照顧雷尼——第三章會說明兩人的關係是從這裡開始的。

豆子罐頭

流浪工人最便宜也最常見的伙食。番茄醬在當年算奢侈品,雷尼的執念因此更顯得孩子氣。

📖 導讀

這節把第一節埋的線一條條拉出來。喬治先讓雷尼背台詞「我什麼都不說,就站著」,然後提到「別像在威德那樣幹壞事」——雷尼得意地喊「他們把我們趕出威德!」喬治糾正:「趕個屁,是我們自己跑的。」到這節結尾,真相才在喬治的怒罵裡完整說出:雷尼想摸一個女孩的洋裝,「像摸老鼠一樣」抓著不放,女孩尖叫,兩人在灌溉溝裡躲了一整天、摸黑逃出那一帶。這一段就是全書結局的預演,只是這次他們逃掉了。

中間是第二隻死老鼠。雷尼假裝去撿柴,其實涉水過河把老鼠撿回來;喬治像訓狗一樣伸手、彈指,雷尼「像不肯把球還給主人的㹴犬」走近又退開,最後交出來。雷尼哭了,喬治心軟:「我不是故意壞心。」接著雷尼說出關鍵自白:克拉拉姑媽以前給他老鼠,「牠們太小了,我摸著摸著牠們就咬我手指,我就輕輕捏了一下牠們的頭,然後牠們就死了——因為牠們太小了。」他不壞,他只是不知道自己的力氣。

結尾的爆發是全書最有名的獨白之一。喬治把「一個人過的日子」講得像天堂:月底領五十塊,進城、住旅館、去妓院、喝一加侖威士忌、打撞球——然後咆哮「可是我有什麼?我有你!」罵完,看到雷尼驚恐的臉,他「羞愧地看著火焰」。史坦貝克在這裡建立了喬治的兩面:他的確覺得雷尼是負擔,也的確離不開他。

重點

  • 威德事件揭曉:女孩的紅洋裝 → 雷尼「像抓老鼠一樣」不放 → 灌溉溝 → 連夜逃走。這是結局的彩排。
  • 「因為牠們太小了」:雷尼對死亡的解釋,天真到令人發寒;也解釋了為什麼他想要「比較大」的兔子。
  • 㹴犬與球:又一次用動物寫雷尼;喬治像主人,雷尼像狗——這組關係會在坎迪的老狗身上被映照。
  • 番茄醬:雷尼的固執與喬治的爆點,日常小事引爆大怒,真實得令人難受。
  • 「一個人的天堂」:五十塊、旅館、妓院、威士忌——流動工人典型的「一個月花光」人生,喬治嘴上羨慕,其實正是他想逃離的空虛。
  • 為什麼睡河邊:喬治說「我有理由」——他想先讓雷尼記住一個「出事就逃回來」的地方,下一節揭曉。

📕 中英對照(逐句)

¶ 1

“Sure, George. Sure I got it.”

「當然,喬治。我當然懂。」

¶ 2

“O.K. Now when we go in to see the boss, what you gonna do?”

「好。那等我們進去見老闆,你要做什麼?」

¶ 3

“I . . . I,” Lennie thought.

「我……我……」雷尼在想。

His face grew tight with thought.

他想得整張臉都繃緊了。

“I . . . ain’t gonna say nothin’. Jus’ gonna stan’ there.”

「我……什麼都不講。就站在那裡。」

¶ 4

“Good boy. That’s swell.

「乖。很好。

You say that over two, three times so you sure won’t forget it.”

你把這句話唸個兩三遍,這樣就一定不會忘。」

¶ 5

Lennie droned to himself softly, “I ain’t gonna say nothin’ . . . I ain’t gonna say nothin’ . . . I ain’t gonna say nothin’.”

雷尼低聲地自己唸個不停:「我什麼都不講……我什麼都不講……我什麼都不講。」

¶ 6

“O.K.,” said George.

「好。」喬治說。

“An’ you ain’t gonna do no bad things like you done in Weed, neither.”

「還有,你也不准再幹你在威德幹的那種壞事。」

¶ 7

Lennie looked puzzled.

雷尼一臉困惑。

“Like I done in Weed?”

「我在威德幹的?」

¶ 8

“Oh, so ya forgot that too, did ya?

「喔,連這個也忘了,是吧?

Well, I ain’t gonna remind ya, fear ya do it again.”

好啊,我才不提醒你,免得你又幹一次。」

¶ 9

A light of understanding broke on Lennie’s face.

雷尼臉上亮起一道恍然大悟的光。

“They run us outa Weed,” he exploded triumphantly.

「他們把我們趕出威德!」他得意洋洋地大叫。

¶ 10

“Run us out, hell,” said George disgustedly.

「趕個屁。」喬治厭煩地說。

“We run.

「是我們自己跑的。

They was lookin’ for us, but they didn’t catch us.”

他們在找我們,可是沒抓到。」

¶ 11

Lennie giggled happily.

雷尼開心地咯咯笑。

“I didn’t forget that, you bet.”

「這個我可沒忘,真的。」

¶ 12

George lay back on the sand and crossed his hands under his head, and Lennie imitated him, raising his head to see whether he were doing it right.

喬治往後躺在沙地上,雙手交叉枕在頭下;雷尼學他,還抬起頭看自己做得對不對。

“God, you’re a lot of trouble,” said George.

「天啊,你真是個大麻煩。」喬治說。

“I could get along so easy and so nice if I didn’t have you on my tail.

「要是沒有你黏在我屁股後面,我可以過得多輕鬆、多舒服。

I could live so easy and maybe have a girl.”

我可以過得很輕鬆,說不定還能交個女朋友。」

¶ 13

For a moment Lennie lay quiet, and then he said hopefully, “We gonna work on a ranch, George.”

雷尼靜靜躺了一會兒,然後滿懷希望地說:「我們要去農場做工了,喬治。」

¶ 14

“Awright. You got that.

「好啦。這個你記住了。

But we’re gonna sleep here because I got a reason.”

可是今晚我們要睡這裡,因為我有我的理由。」

¶ 15

The day was going fast now.

天色很快地暗下去。

Only the tops of the Gabilan mountains flamed with the light of the sun that had gone from the valley.

太陽已經離開了河谷,只剩加比蘭山的山頂還被它的光燒得通紅。

A water snake slipped along on the pool, its head held up like a little periscope.

一條水蛇在水潭上滑行,頭昂著,像一支小小的潛望鏡。

The reeds jerked slightly in the current.

蘆葦在水流裡微微地抽動。

Far off toward the highway a man shouted something, and another man shouted back.

遠遠的公路那邊,有個人喊了一句什麼,另一個人喊了回去。

The sycamore limbs rustled under a little wind that died immediately.

一陣小風吹得梧桐枝沙沙作響,隨即就停了。

¶ 16

“George—why ain’t we goin’ on to the ranch and get some supper?

「喬治——我們為什麼不繼續走到農場去吃晚飯?

They got supper at the ranch.”

農場有晚飯吃。」

¶ 17

George rolled on his side.

喬治翻身側躺。

“No reason at all for you.

「對你來說沒什麼理由。

I like it here.

我喜歡這裡。

Tomorra we’re gonna go to work.

明天我們就要上工了。

I seen thrashin’ machines on the way down.

我一路走下來看到了打穀機。

That means we’ll be bucking grain bags, bustin’ a gut.

那就表示我們得扛穀包,累到腸子都斷掉。

Tonight I’m gonna lay right here and look up.

今晚我要就躺在這裡,看看天。

I like it.”

我喜歡這樣。」

¶ 18

Lennie got up on his knees and looked down at George.

雷尼跪起身來,低頭看著喬治。

“Ain’t we gonna have no supper?”

「那我們不吃晚飯了喔?」

¶ 19

“Sure we are, if you gather up some dead willow sticks.

「當然吃,只要你去撿一些枯柳枝來。

I got three can of beans in my bindle.

我鋪蓋裡有三罐豆子。

You get a fire ready.

你把火堆準備好。

I’ll give you a match when you get the sticks together.

柴撿齊了我就給你一根火柴。

Then we’ll heat the beans and have supper.”

然後我們把豆子熱一熱,吃晚飯。」

¶ 20

Lennie said, “I like beans with ketchup.”

雷尼說:「我喜歡豆子加番茄醬。」

¶ 21

“Well, we ain’t got no ketchup.

「哼,我們沒有番茄醬。

You go get wood.

你去撿柴。

An’ don’t you fool around.

不准給我鬼混。

It’ll be dark before long.”

天很快就要黑了。」

¶ 22

Lennie lumbered to his feet and disappeared in the brush.

雷尼笨重地站起來,消失在灌木叢裡。

George lay where he was and whistled softly to himself.

喬治躺在原地,自顧自輕輕吹著口哨。

There were sounds of splashings down the river in the direction Lennie had taken.

雷尼走去的方向,河的下游傳來一陣潑水聲。

George stopped whistling and listened.

喬治停下口哨,仔細聽。

“Poor bastard,” he said softly, and then went on whistling again.

「可憐的傢伙。」他輕聲說,然後又吹起口哨。

¶ 23

In a moment Lennie came crashing back through the brush.

不一會兒,雷尼劈哩啪啦地從灌木叢裡衝回來。

He carried one small willow stick in his hand.

他手裡只拿著一根小柳枝。

George sat up.

喬治坐起來。

“Awright,” he said brusquely.

「好啦。」他沒好氣地說。

“Gi’me that mouse!”

「把老鼠給我!」

¶ 24

But Lennie made an elaborate pantomime of innocence.

雷尼卻煞有介事地演起一齣無辜的啞劇。

“What mouse, George? I ain’t got no mouse.”

「什麼老鼠,喬治?我沒有老鼠啊。」

¶ 25

George held out his hand.

喬治伸出手。

“Come on. Give it to me.

「快點。給我。

You ain’t puttin’ nothing over.”

你騙不了我的。」

¶ 26

Lennie hesitated, backed away, looked wildly at the brush line as though he contemplated running for his freedom.

雷尼遲疑著往後退,慌張地望向灌木叢那邊,好像在盤算要不要逃跑去爭取自由。

George said coldly, “You gonna give me that mouse or do I have to sock you?”

喬治冷冷地說:「你是要把老鼠給我,還是要我揍你?」

¶ 27

“Give you what, George?”

「給你什麼,喬治?」

¶ 28

“You know God damn well what.

「你他媽的心知肚明是什麼。

I want that mouse.”

我要那隻老鼠。」

¶ 29

Lennie reluctantly reached into his pocket.

雷尼不情願地把手伸進口袋。

His voice broke a little.

他的聲音有點哽咽。

“I don’t know why I can’t keep it.

「我不懂為什麼我不能留著。

It ain’t nobody’s mouse.

又不是誰的老鼠。

I didn’t steal it.

我又沒有偷。

I found it lyin’ right beside the road.”

我是在路邊撿到的。」

¶ 30

George’s hand remained outstretched imperiously.

喬治的手仍然專橫地伸著。

Slowly, like a terrier who doesn’t want to bring a ball to its master, Lennie approached, drew back, approached again.

雷尼慢慢地,像一隻不想把球叼回去給主人的㹴犬,走近,退開,又走近。

George snapped his fingers sharply, and at the sound Lennie laid the mouse in his hand.

喬治用力彈了一下手指,一聽到那聲音,雷尼就把老鼠放進他手裡。

¶ 31

“I wasn’t doin’ nothing bad with it, George. Jus’ strokin’ it.”

「我又沒拿牠幹什麼壞事,喬治。只是摸摸牠。」

¶ 32

George stood up and threw the mouse as far as he could into the darkening brush, and then he stepped to the pool and washed his hands.

喬治站起來,用盡力氣把老鼠往漸漸變暗的灌木叢裡扔,然後走到水潭邊洗手。

“You crazy fool.

「你這個瘋子笨蛋。

Don’t you think I could see your feet was wet where you went acrost the river to get it?”

你以為我看不出你的腳是濕的?你是涉水過河去撿的。」

He heard Lennie’s whimpering cry and wheeled about.

他聽見雷尼嗚嗚地哭,猛地轉過身。

“Blubberin’ like a baby!

「哭得跟小嬰兒一樣!

Jesus Christ!

老天爺!

A big guy like you.”

你這麼大一個人。」

Lennie’s lip quivered and tears started in his eyes.

雷尼的嘴唇在發抖,眼淚湧了上來。

“Aw, Lennie!”

「唉,雷尼!」

George put his hand on Lennie’s shoulder.

喬治把手搭在雷尼肩上。

“I ain’t takin’ it away jus’ for meanness.

「我不是故意壞心才拿走的。

That mouse ain’t fresh, Lennie; and besides, you’ve broke it pettin’ it.

那隻老鼠不新鮮了,雷尼;再說,你已經把牠摸爛了。

You get another mouse that’s fresh and I’ll let you keep it a little while.”

你再弄一隻新鮮的,我就讓你留一陣子。」

¶ 33

Lennie sat down on the ground and hung his head dejectedly.

雷尼坐到地上,垂頭喪氣。

“I don’t know where there is no other mouse.

「我不知道哪裡還有別的老鼠。

I remember a lady used to give ’em to me—ever’ one she got.

我記得以前有一位太太會給我老鼠——她抓到的每一隻都給我。

But that lady ain’t here.”

可是那位太太不在這裡。」

¶ 34

George scoffed.

喬治嗤之以鼻。

“Lady, huh?

「太太,嗯?

Don’t even remember who that lady was.

連那位太太是誰都不記得。

That was your own Aunt Clara.

那是你自己的克拉拉姑媽。

An’ she stopped givin’ ’em to ya.

而且她後來就不給你了。

You always killed ’em.”

你每次都把牠們弄死。」

¶ 35

Lennie looked sadly up at him.

雷尼難過地抬頭看他。

“They was so little,” he said, apologetically.

「牠們太小了。」他抱歉地說。

“I’d pet ’em, and pretty soon they bit my fingers and I pinched their heads a little and then they was dead—because they was so little.”

「我摸牠們,摸一下下牠們就咬我手指,我就輕輕捏一下牠們的頭,然後牠們就死了——因為牠們太小了。」

¶ 36

“I wish’t we’d get the rabbits pretty soon, George.

「我希望我們快點有兔子,喬治。

They ain’t so little.”

兔子沒那麼小。」

¶ 37

“The hell with the rabbits.

「去你的兔子。

An’ you ain’t to be trusted with no live mice.

活老鼠也絕對不能交給你。

Your Aunt Clara give you a rubber mouse and you wouldn’t have nothing to do with it.”

你克拉拉姑媽給過你一隻橡皮老鼠,你連碰都不碰。」

¶ 38

“It wasn’t no good to pet,” said Lennie.

「那個摸起來不好摸。」雷尼說。

¶ 39

The flame of the sunset lifted from the mountain-tops and dusk came into the valley, and a half darkness came in among the willows and the sycamores.

夕陽的火光從山頂褪去,暮色進了河谷,柳樹和梧桐之間一片半明半暗。

A big carp rose to the surface of the pool, gulped air and then sank mysteriously into the dark water again, leaving widening rings on the water.

一條大鯉魚浮上水面,吞了一口氣,又神祕地沉回暗色的水裡,在水面留下一圈圈擴大的漣漪。

Overhead the leaves whisked again and little puffs of willow cotton blew down and landed on the pool’s surface.

頭頂的樹葉又颯颯作響,一小團一小團柳絮飄下來,落在水潭上。

¶ 40

“You gonna get that wood?” George demanded.

「你到底要不要去撿柴?」喬治質問。

“There’s plenty right up against the back of that sycamore.

「那棵梧桐後面就一大堆。

Floodwater wood.

洪水沖來的木頭。

Now you get it.”

現在就去撿。」

¶ 41

Lennie went behind the tree and brought out a litter of dried leaves and twigs.

雷尼走到樹後,抱出一堆亂七八糟的枯葉和細枝。

He threw them in a heap on the old ash pile and went back for more and more.

他把它們丟在那堆舊灰燼上,又回去抱了一趟又一趟。

It was almost night now.

現在差不多是晚上了。

A dove’s wings whistled over the water.

一隻斑鳩的翅膀在水面上掠過,呼呼作響。

George walked to the fire pile and lighted the dry leaves.

喬治走到柴堆前,點燃枯葉。

The flame cracked up among the twigs and fell to work.

火焰在細枝間劈啪竄起,開始幹活。

George undid his bindle and brought out three cans of beans.

喬治解開鋪蓋卷,拿出三罐豆子。

He stood them about the fire, close in against the blaze, but not quite touching the flame.

他把罐頭立在火堆四周,貼近火焰,但沒碰到火舌。

¶ 42

“There’s enough beans for four men,” George said.

「這些豆子夠四個人吃。」喬治說。

¶ 43

Lennie watched him from over the fire.

雷尼隔著火看他。

He said patiently, “I like ’em with ketchup.”

他耐心地說:「我喜歡加番茄醬。」

¶ 44

“Well, we ain’t got any,” George exploded.

「我們就是沒有!」喬治爆發了。

“Whatever we ain’t got, that’s what you want.

「我們沒有什麼,你就偏要什麼。

God a’mighty, if I was alone I could live so easy.

老天在上,要是我只有一個人,日子不知道多好過。

I could go get a job an’ work, an’ no trouble.

我可以去找份工作做,什麼麻煩都沒有。

No mess at all, and when the end of the month come I could take my fifty bucks and go into town and get whatever I want.

一點亂子都沒有,到了月底,我可以拿著我的五十塊進城,要什麼買什麼。

Why, I could stay in a cat house all night.

嘿,我可以在妓院待一整晚。

I could eat any place I want, hotel or any place, and order any damn thing I could think of.

我想去哪裡吃就去哪裡吃,旅館也好、哪裡都好,想得到的鬼東西都能點。

An’ I could do all that every damn month.

而且每個該死的月都能這樣過。

Get a gallon of whisky, or set in a pool room and play cards or shoot pool.”

買一加侖威士忌,或是坐在撞球間打牌、打撞球。」

Lennie knelt and looked over the fire at the angry George.

雷尼跪著,隔著火看著憤怒的喬治。

And Lennie’s face was drawn with terror.

雷尼的臉因為害怕而繃緊了。

“An’ whatta I got,” George went on furiously.

「可是我有什麼?」喬治怒氣沖沖地說下去。

“I got you!

「我有你!

You can’t keep a job and you lose me ever’ job I get.

你保不住工作,還害我丟掉我找到的每一份工作。

Jus’ keep me shovin’ all over the country all the time.

害我一天到晚滿世界跑來跑去。

An’ that ain’t the worst.

這還不是最糟的。

You get in trouble.

你會惹麻煩。

You do bad things and I got to get you out.”

你幹壞事,我還得把你救出來。」

His voice rose nearly to a shout.

他的聲音拉高到幾乎是在吼。

“You crazy son-of-a-bitch.

「你這個瘋狗娘養的。

You keep me in hot water all the time.”

你害我一天到晚水深火熱。」

He took on the elaborate manner of little girls when they are mimicking one another.

他擺出小女孩互相學嘴時那種誇張的腔調。

“Jus’ wanted to feel that girl’s dress—jus’ wanted to pet it like it was a mouse—— Well, how the hell did she know you jus’ wanted to feel her dress?

「『我只是想摸摸那個女生的洋裝——只是想像摸老鼠一樣摸摸它——』哼,她他媽的怎麼知道你只是想摸她的洋裝?

She jerks back and you hold on like it was a mouse.

她往後一扯,你就像抓老鼠一樣抓著不放。

She yells and we got to hide in a irrigation ditch all day with guys lookin’ for us, and we got to sneak out in the dark and get outta the country.

她一尖叫,我們就得在灌溉溝裡躲一整天,外面一群人在找我們,然後還得摸黑溜走,逃出那一帶。

All the time somethin’ like that—all the time.

老是這種事——老是。

I wisht I could put you in a cage with about a million mice an’ let you have fun.”

我真希望把你跟一百萬隻老鼠關在一個籠子裡,讓你玩個夠。」

His anger left him suddenly.

他的怒氣突然消失了。

He looked across the fire at Lennie’s anguished face, and then he looked ashamedly at the flames.

他隔著火看到雷尼痛苦的臉,然後羞愧地望著火焰。

📚 字詞與句法(15)

1brusquelyKK [ˈbrʌsklɪ](adv.)粗魯地、沒好氣地
  • 詞義:說話簡短、生硬,不客氣。原文 “Awright,” he said brusquely. “Gi’me that mouse!”
  • 例句:The receptionist answered brusquely and hung up. / 櫃台人員沒好氣地回了一句就掛電話。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:法文 brusque,源自義大利文 brusco(粗糙、酸澀)。書面與口語都會用,描寫態度很好用。
  • 同義詞常用度:curtly 55%、abruptly 50%、bluntly 45%、brusquely 40%(第 4/5 名)、gruffly 30%。
  • 詞性變化:adj. brusque;adv. brusquely;n. brusqueness。
2imperiouslyKK [ɪmˈpɪrɪəslɪ](adv.)專橫地、命令式地
  • 詞義:像主人對下人一樣,不容拒絕。原文 George’s hand remained outstretched imperiously。
  • 例句:She waved the waiter over imperiously. / 她頤指氣使地招手叫服務生過來。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:拉丁文 imperium(統治權),同源 empire、emperor。中高級書面詞。
  • 同義詞常用度:bossily 40%、commandingly 30%、haughtily 30%、imperiously 25%(第 4/5 名)、peremptorily 10%。
  • 詞性變化:adj. imperious;adv. imperiously;n. imperiousness。
3pantomimeKK [ˈpæntəˌmaɪm](n.)啞劇、誇張的比手畫腳
  • 詞義:不說話、只用動作表演。原文 Lennie made an elaborate pantomime of innocence——用一臉無辜的動作「演」給喬治看。
  • 例句:He made a pantomime of drinking to tell me he was thirsty. / 他比了喝水的動作告訴我他渴了。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:希臘文 pantomimos「模仿一切的人」。英國的 panto 是聖誕節的家庭鬧劇。
  • 同義詞常用度:mime 60%、gesture 55%、charade 40%、pantomime 30%(第 4/4 名)。
  • 詞性變化:n. pantomime;v. pantomime / pantomimed / pantomimed / pantomiming。
4dejectedlyKK [dɪˈdʒɛktɪdlɪ](adv.)沮喪地、垂頭喪氣地
  • 詞義:失望、提不起勁。原文 hung his head dejectedly。
  • 例句:The team walked dejectedly off the field. / 球隊垂頭喪氣地走出球場。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:拉丁文 deicere「往下丟」(de- 往下 + iacere 丟),心情被丟到谷底。
  • 同義詞常用度:sadly 90%、glumly 40%、dejectedly 35%(第 3/5 名)、despondently 25%、crestfallen 20%。
  • 詞性變化:adj. dejected;adv. dejectedly;n. dejection。
5anguishedKK [ˈæŋgwɪʃt](adj.)痛苦萬分的
  • 詞義:心裡極度痛苦。原文 Lennie’s anguished face。
  • 例句:We heard an anguished cry from the next room. / 我們聽見隔壁房間傳來一聲痛苦的哭喊。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:拉丁文 angustia「狹窄、窘迫」——痛苦就是被擠壓的感覺。同源 anxiety。
  • 同義詞常用度:painful 80%、tormented 40%、anguished 35%(第 3/5 名)、agonized 30%、wretched 25%。
  • 詞性變化:n. anguish;adj. anguished。
6buck grain bagsKK [bʌk gren bægz](phr.)扛穀包
  • 詞義:農場最粗重的活——把裝滿大麥的布袋扛上車。原文 we’ll be bucking grain bags, bustin’ a gut。下一章雷尼最擅長的就是這個。
  • 例句:He spent the summer bucking hay bales on his uncle's farm. / 他整個暑假在叔叔的農場扛乾草捆。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:buck 在美國西部俚語裡是「扛、搬重物」(也有 buck barley 的說法)。今天 buck hay 在美國鄉下仍聽得到。
  • 同義詞常用度:haul 70%、lug 50%、heave 40%、hoist 35%、buck 10%(第 5/5 名)。
  • 詞性變化:v. buck / bucked / bucked / bucking;n. bucker(扛袋工)。
7bust a gutKK [bʌst ə gʌt](idiom)拚死拚活、累到腸子都斷
  • 詞義:極度賣力。原文 bustin’ a gut。另有「笑破肚皮」的意思。
  • 例句:I busted a gut to finish the project on time. / 我拚了老命才準時做完專案。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:bust 是 burst 的口語形;gut 腸子。美式口語,今天仍常用。
  • 同義詞常用度:work your butt off 60%、work like a dog 45%、bust a gut 35%(第 3/4 名)、slog away 20%。
  • 詞性變化:bust / busted / busted / busting a gut。
8thrashing machineKK [ˈθræʃɪŋ məˈʃin](n.)打穀機
  • 詞義:把穀粒從莖稈上打下來的機器。原文 I seen thrashin’ machines——看到打穀機就知道要收大麥了。
  • 例句:Before combines, farms needed a thrashing machine and twenty men at harvest. / 聯合收割機出現前,收成時農場需要一台打穀機和二十個人。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:thrash 是 thresh(打穀)的異體,後來分化成「痛打」。今天標準拼法 threshing machine,或直接說 combine harvester。
  • 同義詞常用度:combine harvester 70%、threshing machine 40%、thresher 35%、thrashing machine 10%(第 4/4 名)。
  • 詞性變化:v. thresh / threshed / threshed / threshing;n. thresher。
9cat houseKK [ˈkæt ˌhaʊs](n.)(俚語)妓院
  • 詞義:妓院的粗俗說法。原文 I could stay in a cat house all night。
  • 例句:(文學/歷史用語,不建議日常使用)
  • 詞源 × 實用度:cat 在 16 世紀起就有「妓女」的俚語義。今天已過時,現代說 brothel。
  • 同義詞常用度:brothel 70%、whorehouse 30%、bordello 15%、cathouse 10%(第 4/4 名)。
  • 詞性變化:n. cathouse / cathouses。
10in hot waterKK [ɪn hɑt ˈwɔtɚ](idiom)陷入麻煩
  • 詞義:惹上麻煩、被罵。原文 You keep me in hot water all the time。
  • 例句:He's in hot water with his boss for missing the deadline. / 他錯過截止日,被老闆盯上了。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:16 世紀就有的說法——被丟進熱水裡。今天非常常用。
  • 同義詞常用度:in trouble 95%、in hot water 55%(第 2/5 名)、in a jam 35%、in a pickle 30%、in deep water 20%。
  • 詞性變化:be / get / land in hot water;get someone into hot water。
11put something over(on someone)KK [pʊt ˈsʌmθɪŋ ˈovɚ](phr. v.)騙過(某人)
  • 詞義:用詭計瞞過別人。原文 You ain’t puttin’ nothing over(=You aren't fooling me)。
  • 例句:Don't try to put one over on me—I saw what you did. / 別想騙我,我看到你做了什麼。
  • 詞源 × 實用度:美式口語,常說 put one over on someone。今天仍在用,略舊。
  • 同義詞常用度:fool 85%、trick 75%、pull a fast one 40%、put one over on 25%(第 4/5 名)、hoodwink 15%。
  • 詞性變化:put / put / put / putting one over on。
12tomorra / acrost / wishtKK [təˈmɑrə][əˈkrɔst] [wɪʃt](方言拼寫)= tomorrow / across / wish
  • 詞義:史坦貝克照實記下口音:Tomorra(尾音弱化)、acrost(多一個 t,美國鄉下老口音)、I wisht(多一個 t)。
  • 例句:“I wisht I'd gone acrost the river tomorra.”(刻意的方言)
  • 詞源 × 實用度:acrost、wisht 都是 19 世紀美國鄉村口音的特徵,今天極少聽到。讀得懂即可。
  • 同義詞常用度:(拼寫變體;標準拼法 100%)
  • 詞性變化:wish / wished / wished / wishing。
13they was / I seen / you done(口語文法)主詞動詞不一致、過去式誤用
  • 特徵:把 were 說成 was、saw 說成 seen、did 說成 done。
  • 原文例:They was lookin’ for us、I seen thrashin’ machines、like you done in Weed、They was so little。
  • 效果:跟雙重否定一樣,標誌說話者的階層。注意喬治也這樣講——他比雷尼精明,但一樣沒受過教育。
  • 仿寫:「We was tired, so we done what he said.」= We were tired, so we did what he said.
14伏筆的重複(修辭)
  • 特徵:同一個動作在短時間內重複出現,而且一次比一次清楚。
  • 原文例:第 1 節丟一隻死老鼠 → 本節又丟一隻;「they was so little」→「just wanted to pet it like it was a mouse」→ 女孩的洋裝。
  • 效果:讀者被一步步引導,從「老鼠」聯想到「人」。等到真的出事,讀者會覺得「早就知道」,悲劇感更重。
  • 仿寫:先寫主角兩次忘記關瓦斯,第三次寫廚房冒出煙——不用解釋,讀者就懂了。
15長段獨白的節奏(句法)
  • 特徵:用一串 I could… I could… I could… 把夢想堆高,再用一句短問句 An’ whatta I got? 摔下來。
  • 原文例:I could go get a job ... I could take my fifty bucks ... I could stay in a cat house ... I could eat any place I want → I got you!
  • 效果:重複句型讓怒氣一路加速;最後的短句是情緒的斷崖。
  • 仿寫:I could sleep in. I could travel. I could finally read all those books. And what do I have? A mortgage.