🏛️ 典故與文化背景
「拿走他的工錢」
老闆懷疑喬治是那種專門帶著智能障礙者打工、再侵吞對方薪水的人——這在當年的流動工人圈子裡確實存在。在一個人人自顧不暇的世界,「無私」本身就可疑。
被馬踢到頭
農場上常見的意外,也是當時對智能障礙最「說得通」的解釋。雷尼真正的狀況書中沒有說明,可能是先天的。
輕量級拳擊(lightweight)
體重約 130–135 磅(59–61 公斤)。1930 年代拳擊是美國最受歡迎的運動之一,小鎮拳賽很多。柯利「在拳台上打過不少」,所以他有技巧,但雷尼有絕對的體型與力量。
柯利的手套
左手戴一隻工作手套——下一節會知道裡面塗了凡士林,原因很不堪。
老牧羊犬
坎迪的狗曾是「最好的牧羊犬」,如今瞎、老、臭。第三章卡爾森會建議「讓牠解脫」;這隻狗是坎迪、是所有「沒用了」的工人,也是雷尼的結局。
權力的層級
老闆(高跟靴)→ 老闆的兒子柯利(高跟靴+拳頭)→ 工人 → 老殘的坎迪 → 黑人克魯克斯。全書的權力金字塔,在這一章幾乎都出場了。
📖 導讀
老闆被喬治的「搶答」惹毛了:「你幹嘛不讓他自己回答?你想耍什麼花樣?」他懷疑喬治在剝削雷尼——「我從沒看過一個人替另一個人這麼費心」。這句話很重要:在這個世界裡,兩個人互相照顧是可疑的。喬治當場編了三個謊:雷尼是我表弟、小時候被馬踢到頭、在威德是因為挖完化糞池才走的。老闆半信半疑地放過,但臨走前「回頭久久地看著這兩個人」。
接著,坎迪帶著他的狗進來:一隻拖著腳的老牧羊犬,嘴邊灰白,眼睛又淡又瞎,毛像被蟲蛀過。「牠還是小狗的時候我就養了。」這隻狗跟坎迪一樣老、一樣只剩「過去很能幹」——牠的命運就是坎迪的命運,也是結局的預演。
然後是柯利。老闆的兒子,瘦、捲髮、左手戴著工作手套、跟他爸一樣穿高跟靴。他一看到雷尼,手肘慢慢彎起、拳頭握緊、身體微蹲——一個拳擊手的起手式。他逼雷尼開口,喬治擋在前面:「我們一起出門的。」坎迪事後解釋:柯利是輕量級拳手,「像很多小個子一樣,恨大個子」,而且他贏了大家說他有種、輸了大家說大個子欺負小個子——怎麼打他都不吃虧。喬治陰沉地說:「他最好小心雷尼。雷尼不會打架,可是他力氣大、動作快,而且雷尼不懂什麼規矩。」
重點
- 「一個人替另一個人費心」是可疑的:老闆的懷疑反照出這個世界的冷漠。
- 喬治的三個謊:表弟、被馬踢頭、挖化糞池——他很會應付,也很累。「要是我是你親戚,我就去自殺」,罵得狠,卻停不下照顧。
- 坎迪的老狗登場:瞎、老、臭、拖著腳——一個「沒用了」的生命,伏筆。
- 柯利的拳擊手姿態:手肘彎、拳頭握、微蹲,「既在算計又好鬥」;他用權力(老闆的兒子)加暴力壓人。
- 坎迪的公道話:「柯利怎麼樣都佔便宜」——底層的老人看得最清楚,卻只敢小聲說,還求喬治別說出去。
- 「雷尼不懂規矩」:預告了下一章柯利的手。
📕 中英對照(逐句)
The boss turned on George.
老闆轉向喬治。
“Then why don’t you let him answer?
「那你幹嘛不讓他自己回答?
What you trying to put over?”
你想耍什麼花樣?」
George broke in loudly, “Oh! I ain’t saying he’s bright.
喬治大聲插嘴:「喔!我沒說他聰明。
He ain’t.
他不聰明。
But I say he’s a God damn good worker.
可是我說他幹活他媽的一流。
He can put up a four hundred pound bale.”
四百磅的大包他都扛得起來。」
The boss deliberately put the little book in his pocket.
老闆不慌不忙地把小簿子放進口袋。
He hooked his thumbs in his belt and squinted one eye nearly closed.
他把拇指勾在皮帶上,一隻眼睛瞇得幾乎閉起來。
“Say—what you sellin’?”
「喂——你在推銷什麼?」
“Huh?”
「啊?」
“I said what stake you got in this guy?
「我說,你在這傢伙身上有什麼好處?
You takin’ his pay away from him?”
你拿走他的工錢嗎?」
“No, ’course I ain’t.
「沒有,當然沒有。
Why ya think I’m sellin’ him out?”
你幹嘛覺得我在出賣他?」
“Well, I never seen one guy take so much trouble for another guy.
「哼,我從沒看過一個人替另一個人這麼費心。
I just like to know what your interest is.”
我只是想知道你圖的是什麼。」
George said, “He’s my . . . cousin.
喬治說:「他是我……表弟。
I told his old lady I’d take care of him.
我答應過他老媽會照顧他。
He got kicked in the head by a horse when he was a kid.
他小時候頭被馬踢過。
He’s awright.
他沒問題。
Just ain’t bright.
就是不太聰明。
But he can do anything you tell him.”
可是你叫他做什麼他都會。」
The boss turned half away.
老闆轉過半個身子。
“Well, God knows he don’t need any brains to buck barley bags.
「好吧,天曉得扛大麥袋也不需要什麼腦子。
But don’t you try to put nothing over, Milton.
可是你別想耍花樣,米爾頓。
I got my eye on you.
我會盯著你。
Why’d you quit in Weed?”
你們在威德為什麼不幹了?」
“Job was done,” said George promptly.
「工作做完了。」喬治馬上回答。
“What kinda job?”
「什麼工作?」
“We . . . we was diggin’ a cesspool.”
「我們……我們在挖化糞池。」
“All right.
「好吧。
But don’t try to put nothing over, ’cause you can’t get away with nothing.
可是別想耍花樣,因為你什麼都瞞不過去。
I seen wise guys before.
自作聰明的我見多了。
Go on out with the grain teams after dinner.
吃完中飯跟運糧隊出去。
They’re pickin’ up barley at the threshing machine.
他們在打穀機那邊收大麥。
Go out with Slim’s team.”
跟斯林姆那一隊。」
“Slim?”
「斯林姆?」
“Yeah. Big tall skinner.
「對。一個高個子的趕騾手。
You’ll see him at dinner.”
吃飯時你就會看到他。」
He turned abruptly and went to the door, but before he went out he turned and looked for a long moment at the two men.
他猛地轉身走向門口,可是出去之前,他又回過頭,久久地看著這兩個人。
When the sound of his footsteps had died away, George turned on Lennie.
等他的腳步聲聽不見了,喬治轉向雷尼。
“So you wasn’t gonna say a word.
「所以你一個字都不講,嗯。
You was gonna leave your big flapper shut and leave me do the talkin’.
你本來要閉上你那張大嘴巴,讓我來講。
Damn near lost us the job.”
差點害我們丟了工作。」
Lennie stared hopelessly at his hands.
雷尼絕望地盯著自己的手。
“I forgot, George.”
「我忘了,喬治。」
“Yeah, you forgot.
「對,你忘了。
You always forget, an’ I got to talk you out of it.”
你老是忘,然後我就得替你圓過去。」
He sat down heavily on the bunk.
他重重地坐到床上。
“Now he’s got his eye on us.
「現在他盯上我們了。
Now we got to be careful and not make no slips.
現在我們得小心,一點錯都不能出。
You keep your big flapper shut after this.”
以後你給我閉緊你那張大嘴巴。」
He fell morosely silent.
他悶悶地不再說話。
“George.”
「喬治。」
“What you want now?”
「又怎樣?」
“I wasn’t kicked in the head with no horse, was I, George?”
「我的頭沒有被馬踢過,對不對,喬治?」
“Be a damn good thing if you was,” George said viciously.
「要是有就好了。」喬治惡狠狠地說。
“Save ever’body a hell of a lot of trouble.”
「可以省掉大家一大堆麻煩。」
“You said I was your cousin, George.”
「你說我是你表弟,喬治。」
“Well, that was a lie.
「那是騙他的。
An’ I’m damn glad it was.
而且我他媽的很慶幸那是假的。
If I was a relative of yours I’d shoot myself.”
要是我是你親戚,我就一槍斃了自己。」
He stopped suddenly, stepped to the open front door and peered out.
他突然停住,走到敞開的前門往外看。
“Say, what the hell you doin’ listenin’?”
「喂,你他媽的在偷聽什麼?」
The old man came slowly into the room.
老人慢慢走進屋裡。
He had his broom in his hand.
他手裡拿著掃帚。
And at his heels there walked a dragfooted sheep dog, gray of muzzle, and with pale, blind old eyes.
他腳邊跟著一隻拖著腳走的牧羊犬,嘴邊灰白,一雙眼睛又淡又瞎又老。
The dog struggled lamely to the side of the room and lay down, grunting softly to himself and licking his grizzled, moth-eaten coat.
那隻狗一跛一跛地掙扎到牆邊躺下,自己低低地哼著,舔著牠那身花白、像被蟲蛀過的毛。
The swamper watched him until he was settled.
老雜工看著牠,直到牠躺好。
“I wasn’t listenin’.
「我沒偷聽。
I was jus’ standin’ in the shade a minute scratchin’ my dog.
我只是在陰涼處站一下,幫我的狗抓抓癢。
I jus’ now finished swampin’ out the wash house.”
我剛把洗澡間打掃完。」
“You was pokin’ your big ears into our business,” George said.
「你是把你那對大耳朵伸進我們的事情裡。」喬治說。
“I don’t like nobody to get nosey.”
「我不喜歡別人多管閒事。」
The old man looked uneasily from George to Lennie, and then back.
老人不安地看看喬治,又看看雷尼,再看回來。
“I jus’ come there,” he said.
「我才剛到那裡。」他說。
“I didn’t hear nothing you guys was sayin’.
「你們講什麼我一句都沒聽到。
I ain’t interested in nothing you was sayin’.
你們講什麼我也沒興趣。
A guy on a ranch don’t never listen nor he don’t ast no questions.”
在農場做事的人,從來不偷聽,也從來不問東問西。」
“Damn right he don’t,” said George, slightly mollified, “not if he wants to stay workin’ long.”
「說得對,」喬治的氣消了一點,「如果他想做久一點的話。」
But he was reassured by the swamper’s defense.
老雜工這樣辯解,他倒是放心了。
“Come on in and set down a minute,” he said.
「進來坐一下吧。」他說。
“That’s a hell of an old dog.”
「這隻狗老得可以。」
“Yeah. I had ’im ever since he was a pup.
「是啊。牠還是小狗的時候我就養了。
God, he was a good sheep dog when he was younger.”
天啊,牠年輕的時候是一隻很棒的牧羊犬。」
He stood his broom against the wall and he rubbed his white bristled cheek with his knuckles.
他把掃帚靠在牆上,用指節搓著自己長滿白鬍渣的臉頰。
“How’d you like the boss?” he asked.
「你覺得老闆怎麼樣?」他問。
“Pretty good. Seemed awright.”
「還不錯。看起來還可以。」
“He’s a nice fella,” the swamper agreed.
「他人不錯。」老雜工附和。
“You got to take him right.”
「你得懂怎麼應付他。」
At that moment a young man came into the bunk house; a thin young man with a brown face, with brown eyes and a head of tightly curled hair.
這時一個年輕人走進工寮;一個瘦瘦的年輕人,褐色的臉、褐色的眼睛,一頭捲得緊緊的頭髮。
He wore a work glove on his left hand, and, like the boss, he wore high-heeled boots.
他左手戴著一隻工作手套,而且跟老闆一樣,穿著高跟靴。
“Seen my old man?” he asked.
「有看到我老爸嗎?」他問。
The swamper said, “He was here jus’ a minute ago, Curley.
老雜工說:「他剛剛還在這裡,柯利。
Went over to the cook house, I think.”
我想是去廚房了。」
“I’ll try to catch him,” said Curley.
「我去找他。」柯利說。
His eyes passed over the new men and he stopped.
他的眼光掃過兩個新來的,停了下來。
He glanced coldly at George and then at Lennie.
他冷冷地看了喬治一眼,再看雷尼。
His arms gradually bent at the elbows and his hands closed into fists.
他的手臂在手肘處慢慢彎起,雙手握成拳頭。
He stiffened and went into a slight crouch.
他全身繃緊,微微蹲低。
His glance was at once calculating and pugnacious.
他的眼神既在算計,又充滿挑釁。
Lennie squirmed under the look and shifted his feet nervously.
雷尼被他看得渾身不自在,緊張地換著腳站。
Curley stepped gingerly close to him.
柯利小心翼翼地靠近他。
“You the new guys the old man was waitin’ for?”
「你們就是我老爸在等的新人?」
“We just come in,” said George.
「我們剛到。」喬治說。
“Let the big guy talk.”
「讓大個子講。」
Lennie twisted with embarrassment.
雷尼窘得扭來扭去。
George said, “S’pose he don’t want to talk?”
喬治說:「要是他不想講呢?」
Curley lashed his body around.
柯利猛地轉過身。
“By Christ, he’s gotta talk when he’s spoke to.
「媽的,人家跟他講話他就得回答。
What the hell are you gettin’ into it for?”
你他媽的插什麼嘴?」
“We travel together,” said George coldly.
「我們一起出門的。」喬治冷冷地說。
“Oh, so it’s that way.”
「喔,原來是這樣。」
George was tense, and motionless.
喬治全身緊繃,一動也不動。
“Yeah, it’s that way.”
「對,就是這樣。」
Lennie was looking helplessly to George for instruction.
雷尼無助地看著喬治,等他下指示。
“An’ you won’t let the big guy talk, is that it?”
「所以你不讓大個子講話,是吧?」
“He can talk if he wants to tell you anything.”
「他要是有話跟你說,他可以講。」
He nodded slightly to Lennie.
他對雷尼微微點了個頭。
“We jus’ come in,” said Lennie softly.
「我們剛到。」雷尼輕聲說。
Curley stared levelly at him.
柯利直直地盯著他。
“Well, nex’ time you answer when you’re spoke to.”
「哼,下次人家跟你講話就給我回答。」
He turned toward the door and walked out, and his elbows were still bent out a little.
他轉向門口走了出去,手肘還是微微向外彎著。
George watched him out, and then he turned back to the swamper.
喬治看著他出去,然後轉回來面向老雜工。
“Say, what the hell’s he got on his shoulder?
「喂,他到底在不爽什麼?
Lennie didn’t do nothing to him.”
雷尼又沒對他怎樣。」
The old man looked cautiously at the door to make sure no one was listening.
老人小心地看了看門口,確定沒人在聽。
“That’s the boss’s son,” he said quietly.
「那是老闆的兒子。」他小聲說。
“Curley’s pretty handy.
「柯利身手很好。
He done quite a bit in the ring.
他打過不少拳賽。
He’s a lightweight, and he’s handy.”
他是輕量級的,身手很好。」
“Well, let him be handy,” said George.
「那就讓他身手好吧。」喬治說。
“He don’t have to take after Lennie.
「他不用找雷尼麻煩啊。
Lennie didn’t do nothing to him.
雷尼又沒對他怎樣。
What’s he got against Lennie?”
他跟雷尼有什麼過節?」
The swamper considered. . . .
老雜工想了想……
“Well . . . tell you what.
「嗯……我跟你說。
Curley’s like a lot of little guys.
柯利跟很多小個子一樣。
He hates big guys.
他恨大個子。
He’s alla time picking scraps with big guys.
他一天到晚找大個子打架。
Kind of like he’s mad at ’em because he ain’t a big guy.
好像因為自己不是大個子,就對他們很火。
You seen little guys like that, ain’t you?
你看過那種小個子吧?
Always scrappy?”
老是想打架?」
“Sure,” said George.
「當然。」喬治說。
“I seen plenty tough little guys.
「很兇的小個子我看多了。
But this Curley better not make no mistakes about Lennie.
可是這個柯利最好別看錯雷尼。
Lennie ain’t handy, but this Curley punk is gonna get hurt if he messes around with Lennie.”
雷尼不會打架,可是柯利這小混混要是招惹雷尼,他會受傷的。」
“Well, Curley’s pretty handy,” the swamper said skeptically.
「嗯,柯利身手很好喔。」老雜工懷疑地說。
“Never did seem right to me.
「我一直覺得不太對。
S’pose Curley jumps a big guy an’ licks him.
假設柯利撲上去,把一個大個子打趴了。
Ever’body says what a game guy Curley is.
每個人都說柯利真有種。
And s’pose he does the same thing and gets licked.
假設他一樣撲上去,結果被打趴了。
Then ever’body says the big guy oughtta pick somebody his own size, and maybe they gang up on the big guy.
那每個人就說大個子應該找跟自己一樣大的打,說不定還會一起圍毆大個子。
Never did seem right to me.
我一直覺得不太對。
Seems like Curley ain’t givin’ nobody a chance.”
好像柯利根本不給別人機會。」
George was watching the door.
喬治盯著門口。
He said ominously, “Well, he better watch out for Lennie.
他陰沉地說:「哼,他最好小心雷尼。
Lennie ain’t no fighter, but Lennie’s strong and quick and Lennie don’t know no rules.”
雷尼不會打架,可是雷尼力氣大、動作快,而且雷尼不懂什麼規矩。」
He walked to the square table and sat down on one of the boxes.
他走到方桌邊,坐在一個木箱上。
He gathered some of the cards together and shuffled them.
他把一些撲克牌收攏,洗起牌來。
The old man sat down on another box.
老人坐到另一個木箱上。
“Don’t tell Curley I said none of this.
「別跟柯利說這些是我講的。
He’d slough me.
他會揍我。
He just don’t give a damn.
他根本什麼都不在乎。
Won’t ever get canned ’cause his old man’s the boss.”
他永遠不會被開除,因為他老爸是老闆。」
George cut the cards and began turning them over, looking at each one and throwing it down on a pile.
喬治切了牌,開始一張張翻開,每張看一眼就丟到一疊上。
He said, “This guy Curley sounds like a son-of-a-bitch to me.
他說:「這個柯利聽起來就是個王八蛋。
I don’t like mean little guys.”
我討厭陰險的小個子。」
📚 字詞與句法(15)
1pugnaciousKK [pʌgˈneʃəs](adj.)好鬥的、愛挑釁的
- 詞義:喜歡吵架、打架。原文
His glance was at once calculating and pugnacious——柯利的眼神。 - 例句:The senator was known for his pugnacious style in debates. / 那位參議員以辯論時咄咄逼人出名。
- 詞源 × 實用度:拉丁文 pugnare「打拳」(pugnus 拳頭),同源 pugilist(拳擊手)。中高級書面詞,評論文章常見。
- 同義詞常用度:aggressive 90%、combative 45%、belligerent 40%、pugnacious 25%(第 4/5 名)、bellicose 15%。
- 詞性變化:adj. pugnacious;adv. pugnaciously;n. pugnacity。
2gingerlyKK [ˈdʒɪndʒɚlɪ](adv./adj.)小心翼翼地
- 詞義:很謹慎、慢慢地,怕出事。原文
Curley stepped gingerly close to him——拳擊手試探對手的步伐。 - 例句:She picked up the broken glass gingerly. / 她小心翼翼地撿起碎玻璃。
- 詞源 × 實用度:可能源自古法文 gensor(嬌貴的),跟薑(ginger)無關。字尾 -ly 但可作副詞也可作形容詞。
- 同義詞常用度:carefully 95%、cautiously 70%、gingerly 35%(第 3/5 名)、warily 30%、tentatively 25%。
- 詞性變化:adv./adj. gingerly。
3mollifiedKK [ˈmɑləˌfaɪd](adj.)(怒氣)被平息的
- 詞義:氣消了一點。原文
said George, slightly mollified。 - 例句:The customer was mollified by a free dessert. / 送了免費甜點,客人的氣就消了。
- 詞源 × 實用度:拉丁文 mollis「柔軟」+ facere「使」——把怒氣變軟。書面詞。
- 同義詞常用度:calmed 80%、appeased 40%、placated 35%、soothed 35%、mollified 25%(第 5/5 名)。
- 詞性變化:v. mollify / mollified / mollified / mollifying。
4ominouslyKK [ˈɑmənəslɪ](adv.)不祥地、陰沉地
- 詞義:帶著壞事要發生的預感。原文
He said ominously, “Well, he better watch out for Lennie.” - 例句:The sky darkened ominously. / 天空不祥地暗了下來。
- 詞源 × 實用度:拉丁文 omen(預兆)。常用於描寫氣氛、語氣。
- 同義詞常用度:threateningly 50%、menacingly 40%、ominously 40%(第 2/4 名)、darkly 35%。
- 詞性變化:n. omen;adj. ominous;adv. ominously。
5grizzledKK [ˈgrɪzl̩d](adj.)花白的
- 詞義:(毛髮)灰白夾雜。原文
licking his grizzled, moth-eaten coat。 - 例句:a grizzled old sailor / 一個頭髮花白的老水手
- 詞源 × 實用度:古法文 grisel(灰色)。常用來形容老兵、老水手——帶有「飽經風霜」的味道。灰熊 grizzly bear 同源。
- 同義詞常用度:gray 95%、graying 50%、grizzled 30%(第 3/4 名)、hoary 15%。
- 詞性變化:adj. grizzled。
6cesspoolKK [ˈsɛsˌpul](n.)化糞池、污水坑
- 詞義:收集污水的坑。原文喬治的謊:
We was diggin’ a cesspool。比喻「藏污納垢之地」也很常用。 - 例句:The city was described as a cesspool of corruption. / 那座城市被形容成貪腐的溫床。
- 詞源 × 實用度:字源不明,可能與 suspiral(排水孔)有關。比喻義在新聞中常見。
- 同義詞常用度:septic tank 60%、sewer 55%、cesspit 20%、cesspool 35%(第 3/4 名)。
- 詞性變化:n. cesspool / cesspools。
7flapperKK [ˈflæpɚ](n.)(俚語)嘴巴
- 詞義:嘴巴的粗俗說法。原文
leave your big flapper shut。 - 例句:(今天另有「1920 年代剪短髮、穿短裙的摩登女郎」之意)
- 詞源 × 實用度:flap(拍動)+ -er,嘴巴一開一合。嘴巴這個義項已過時;類似今天的 trap(Shut your trap!)。
- 同義詞常用度:mouth 100%、trap 30%、yap 20%、gob(英)20%、flapper 2%(第 5/5 名)。
- 詞性變化:n. flapper / flappers。
8cannedKK [kænd](adj./v.)(俚語)被開除
- 詞義:被炒魷魚。原文
Won’t ever get canned ’cause his old man’s the boss。 - 例句:He got canned for showing up drunk. / 他喝醉來上班被開除了。
- 詞源 × 實用度:20 世紀初美國俚語,像把人「裝進罐頭丟掉」。今天仍是常用口語。
- 同義詞常用度:fired 95%、let go 60%、sacked 40%、canned 35%(第 4/5 名)、axed 25%。
- 詞性變化:v. can / canned / canned / canning。
9sloughKK [slʌf](v.)(俚語)揍、打
- 詞義:坎迪說的
He’d slough me(他會揍我)。這是 1930 年代俚語,今天字典較少收。 - 例句:(歷史俚語)
- 詞源 × 實用度:slough 一般指「蛻皮、甩掉」(a snake sloughs its skin),俚語「揍」的用法已罕見。
- 同義詞常用度:hit 95%、punch 80%、beat up 70%、slug 25%、slough 2%(第 5/5 名)。
- 詞性變化:slough / sloughed / sloughed / sloughing。
10handyKK [ˈhændɪ](adj.)(口語)很會打、身手好
- 詞義:一般是「方便、手巧」,這裡指拳腳功夫好。原文
Curley’s pretty handy。 - 例句:He's handy with his fists. / 他拳頭很硬。 / She's handy with tools. / 她很會用工具。
- 詞源 × 實用度:hand + -y。handy with ~ 很常用。
- 同義詞常用度:skilled 70%、good with 65%、handy 50%(第 3/4 名)、adept 30%。
- 詞性變化:adj. handy / handier / handiest。
11have a chip on one's shoulder(idiom)心裡有疙瘩、動不動就不爽
- 詞義:原文
what the hell’s he got on his shoulder?是這個成語的省略。指一個人覺得被虧待、隨時準備吵架。 - 例句:He's had a chip on his shoulder ever since he was passed over for promotion. / 他自從升遷被跳過,就一直心裡不平衡。
- 詞源 × 實用度:19 世紀美國,男孩把一片木屑放在肩上,誰敢打掉就打架。今天非常常用。
- 同義詞常用度:have a grudge 50%、be resentful 45%、have a chip on one's shoulder 45%(第 3/4 名)、be touchy 35%。
- 詞性變化:have / had a chip on one's shoulder。
12gameKK [gem](adj.)(口語)有種的、勇於嘗試的
- 詞義:勇敢、敢拚。原文
Ever’body says what a game guy Curley is。 - 例句:Are you game for a hike tomorrow? / 你明天要不要去爬山?(I'm game! 我參加!)
- 詞源 × 實用度:源自鬥雞(gamecock)——敢鬥的雞。I'm game 今天仍很常用。
- 同義詞常用度:brave 85%、gutsy 45%、game 35%(第 3/5 名)、plucky 25%、spunky 20%。
- 詞性變化:adj. game / gamer / gamest。
13ast / alla time / nex'/ all the time /(方言拼寫)= asked next
- 詞義:
he don’t ast no questions(ask 的老式口音)、He’s alla time picking scraps、nex’ time you answer。 - 例句:“Nobody ast you.” = Nobody asked you.
- 詞源 × 實用度:ax/ast 發音可追溯到古英語 acsian;今天仍是某些美國方言的特徵。
- 同義詞常用度:(拼寫變體;標準拼法 100%)
- 詞性變化:ask / asked / asked / asking。
14肢體語言寫衝突(修辭)
- 特徵:不寫心理,只寫身體的變化。
- 原文例:
His arms gradually bent at the elbows and his hands closed into fists. He stiffened and went into a slight crouch.走的時候his elbows were still bent out a little. - 效果:像舞台指示,演員照著做就能演;讀者也立刻看到一個隨時要出拳的人。
- 仿寫:Her jaw tightened. She set down her coffee very slowly and folded her hands.
15「對比式的論證」(句法)
- 特徵:坎迪用兩個 S'pose(假設)並列,推出不公平的結論。
- 原文例:
S’pose Curley jumps a big guy an’ licks him. Ever’body says what a game guy... And s’pose he does the same thing and gets licked. Then ever’body says the big guy oughtta pick somebody his own size... - 效果:一個沒讀過書的老人,用最樸素的邏輯說出了權力的雙重標準。
- 仿寫:If he wins, he's a genius. If he loses, it's someone else's fault. Either way, he never pays.